Development and evaluation of ATOM digital learning application for enhancing early childhood science process skills

  • Yulia Zelni Putri 
    Universitas Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Yaswinda Yaswinda
    Universita Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Dadan Suryana
    Universita Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Setiyo Utoyo
    Universita Negeri Padang
    Indonesia

Abstract

This study developed and evaluated ATOM, an interactive digital application designed to support science process skills in early childhood. Using the ADDIE research and development model, the study involved expert validation, practicality assessments, and pretest–posttest evaluation with 47 children. ATOM incorporated interactive activities addressing observation, classification, prediction, inference, and communication. Media, content, and assessment instrument validity reached 91.4%, 98.0%, and 90.0%, respectively. Practicality scores were 97.98% in focus group assessment, 95.56% in small-scale testing with 10 children, and 97.2% during implementation. Mean science process skill scores increased from 48.58% to 87.85%, with a normalized gain of 0.765. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated a statistically significant pretest–posttest difference (p < 0.001). ATOM demonstrated high validity and practicality and was associated with improved science process skills. Further controlled studies are needed to establish its independent effectiveness.

Keywords
  • educational applications, science literacy, early childhood, digital learning
  • ATOM application, Early childhood education, Science process skills, Interactive digital learning
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